By Francesco H. Romano, Andrea Russo
ISBN-10: 1604566191
ISBN-13: 9781604566192
Biocatalysis encompasses using enzymes or entire phone platforms for effecting the conversion of on hand, low-cost beginning fabrics to excessive price items. Enzymes often reveal beautiful selectivity, quite chemo-, enantio- and regio-selectivity, making them appealing catalysts for quite a lot of chemical differences. Enzymes additionally as a rule function lower than light stipulations of pH and temperature resulting in the formation of goods of excessive purity. because of those benefits, enzymes and entire cells are discovering wider software in parts corresponding to the creation of intermediates for prescription drugs, nice chemical substances, agrichemicals, novel fabrics, diagnostics, biofuels and function chemical compounds. This ebook provides modern examine within the box.
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Additional info for Biocatalysis Research Progress
Example text
Moreover, variation of the surface pressure can allow to identify different membrane regions that are more affected to the enzyme activity actions. Different measurements can be performed during such investigations. Practically in all cases when the interaction of enzymes with Langmuir monolayers is considered, measurements of the variation of the surface pressure and/or monolayer area are carried out. Usually, the monolayer of a desirable composition (containing natural or synthetic lipids) is spread at the air/water interface and compressed till the target pressure.
Therefore, the removal of some monolayer regions can be rapidly compensated by the feedback system without the loss of the monolayer homogeneity. However, there is the other problem when applying the LS technique for the protein monolayer transfer. The situation on the solid support after the touching of the Nanobiocatalytic Systems: Thin Films of Enzymes 13 monolayer is schematically shown in the Figure 8. Regular closely packed monolayer is at the surface of the solid support. Some amount of water, transferred together with the monolayer, forms a drop at the substrate [Erokhin, 2000].
These dye molecules can be added to the spreading solution of lipids. During the monolayer compression, the dye molecules will not be able to penetrate regions with lipid molecules close packing, visualizing therefore the domain structure of the model membrane. The domain sizes and shape can be varied during the interaction with enzymes and these morphology variations can be easily visualized even in a real time. The other possibility is to work with a monolayer without dye addition, but to use fluorescently labelled enzymes.
Biocatalysis Research Progress by Francesco H. Romano, Andrea Russo
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